Regulacija tržišta usluga Interneta stvari u pametnim gradovima : doktorski rad - Weber, Mario; Podnar Žarko, Ivana (Zagreb : M. Weber ; Fakultet elektrotehnike i računarstva, 2019)
Uspjeh usluga Interneta stvari (IoT-usluga) uvelike ovisi o standardima, ali i o regulatornim pravilima koja trebaju biti postavljena od strane donositelja politika (vlada, regulatora). Bez definiranih standarda, sučelja i protokola, pravo širenje IoT-a teško će biti moguće. Osim toga, pravodobna uspostava ravnoteže između standarda i pravila s jedne strane, te slobodnog razvoja IoT usluga i samoregulacije s druge strane, predstavlja veliki izazov. Ukoliko donositelji politika u početku razvoja postave previše restriktivne regulatorne mjere, mogu ugušiti razvoj IoT-a. Istovremeno izostanak regulatornih mjera ne daje nikakvu pravnu sigurnost poduzećima što može dovesti do smanjenja ulaganja u IoT-bazirana rješenja.
Sadržaj doktorske disertacije obuhvaća istraživanja u području Interneta stvari koje su svojstvena pametnim gradovima, s naglaskom na pitanja regulacije tržišta elektroničkih komunikacija. Disertacija analizira moguću regulaciju tržišta Interneta stvari (IoT) i definira taksonomiju IoT-usluga za primjenu u gradovima. Cilj je predložiti metodu za definiranje regulatornih zahtjeva i analizu njihovog utjecaja na usluge Interneta stvari u području pametnih gradova koji bi s jedne strane bili prihvatljivi industriji i poticali daljnji razvoj IoT-usluga, a s druge strane definirali jasna pravila koja bi ujedno predstavljala pravnu sigurnost za investitore u ovo područje. Za izradu predloženog modela potrebno je postojeće znanstvene/industrijske modele prilagoditi regulatornim pravilima koja su jasno postavljena za različita područja elektroničkih komunikacija, a opet daju dovoljno slobode da se stvori poticajno investicijsko okruženje. U radu je predložena taksonomija usluga Interneta stvari za različita područja primjene povezivanjem tehničkih obilježja pojedinih IoT usluga s regulatornim obilježjima. Presjekom obilježja za svaku pojedinu ulogu u lancu vrijednosti dana je preporuka za lakšu implementaciju IoT usluge. Na kraju je predložen poslovni model koji je pogodan za manje države, veličine Republike Hrvatske, u kojima gradovi samostalno nemaju dovoljno resursa za implementaciju projekata pametnog grada.
Ključne riječi: pametni gradovi, Internet stvari, regulatorna obilježja, poslovni model
The success of the Internet of Things services (IoT-services) largely depends on the standards, but also on the regulatory rules that need to be set by policy makers (governments, regulators). Without the defined standards, interfaces and protocols, the true massive deployment of IoT will be difficult. In addition, the timely establishment of a balance between standards and rules on the one hand and the free development of IoT services and self-regulation on the other hand is a big challenge. If policy makers at the outset of development set too restrictive regulatory measures, they could jeopardize development of IoT service. At the same time, lack of regulatory measures does not give any legal certainty to companies, which can lead to a reduction in investment in IoT-based solutions.
The content of the doctoral dissertation encompasses research in the Internet of things area that are inherent in smart cities, with an emphasis on electronic market regulation issues. The dissertation analyses the possible regulation of the Internet of Things (IoT) market and defines the taxonomy of IoT services for use in cities. The aim is to propose a method for defining regulatory requirements and analysing their impact on IoT services in the area of smart cities that would be acceptable to industry and at the same time stimulate further development of IoT services and on the other hand define clear rules that would also represent legal certainty for investors in this area.
To make the proposed model, existing scientific/industrial models need to be adapted to regulatory rules that are clearly set for different areas of electronic communications, yet give enough freedom to create an incentive investment environment. The paper proposes the taxonomy of the Internet of Things service for different areas of application by bounding the technical characteristics of individual IoT services with regulatory features. With a cross-section of each role in the value chain a recommendation for easier implementation of IoT services is given. Finally, a business model is proposed that is suitable for smaller states, the size of the Republic of Croatia, where cities alone have insufficient resources to implement smart city projects.
Key words: smart cities, Internet of Things, regulatory characteristics, business model
Bibliografija str. 111-115.