Hepcidin peptidni hormon, glavni regulator metabolizma željeza - Nadinić Artuković, Irena; Barić-Rafaj, Renata; Bedrica, Ljiljana; Pavlak, Marina, veterinarka; Lipar, Marija; Mrljak, Vladimir (2020)
Hepcidin je peptidni hormon i glavni je re- gulator metabolizma željeza. Otkriven je u humanom serumu i urinu 2000. godine i nazvan je LEAP-1 (engl. Liver Expressed Antimicrobial Protein). Nedugo nakon toga znanstvenici su pod vodstvom Tomasa Ganze u potrazi za antimikrobnim peptidima otkrili peptid povezan s upalom i nazvali ga “hepcidin”. Otkrili su da se sintetizira u jetri i da ima antimikrobna svojstva. Najveći broj istraživanja o djelovanju i regulaciji izlučivanja hepcidina učinjen je na mišjim modelima kada je ustanovljeno da se sinteza i izlučivanje hepcidina u miševa povećava u stanjima s povišenim količinama željeza u serumu i upalnim stanjima. Određivanje hepcidina u krvi i ostalim tjelesnim tekućinama određuje se imunološkim testovima s antihepcidinskim protutijelima - ELISA (prema engl. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) i masenom spektrometrijom. Koncentracije hepcidina u serumu određene masenom spektometrijom i koncentracije određene ELISA metodom dobro koreliraju. Imunološki testovi najtočnije mjere niske vrijednosti hepcidina, a masena spektrometrija točnije mjeri aktivnu formu hepcidina. Poremećaji u ekspresiji hepcidina javljaju se kod mnogih bolesti kao što su: anemija prouzročena kroničnim sistemskim bolestima, sideropenične anemije, maligne bolesti, hereditarne hemokromatoze i stanja s neefektivnom eritropoezom. Stoga mjerenje koncentracije hepcidina ima veliko značenje u dijagnostici i liječenju stanja u kojima je narušena ravnoteža željeza u organizmu. Napredak u razumijevanju uloge hepcidina u kontroli homeostaze željeza dovodi do novih mogućnosti liječenja u stanjima sa sniženim ili povišenim razinama željeza u organizmu. Hepcidin je nedavno identificiran kao akutno fazni protein s antimikrobnom i regulatornom funkcijom željeza. Mnogi su istra- živači pokazali interes za razvoj dijagnostičkog testa za mjerenje hepcidina u pasa.
Hepcidin is a peptide hormone and the main regulator of iron metabolism in the body. It was discovered in human serum and urine in 2000 and named liver expressed antimicrobial protein-1 (LEAP-1). Research of antimicrobial peptides in relation to inflammatory response was conducted by Tomas Ganz. He named the protein hepcidin as it is produced by the liver and also has antimicrobial properties. The mouse model has been used in numerous studies on the role of hepcidin and its excretion regulation. It has also been shown that the synthesis of hepcidin is greatly stimulated by inflammation or iron overload. Hepcidin detection in serum and other body fluids is performed by the ELISA assay and mass spectrometry. The hepcidin concentrations in plasma measured by ELISA and by mass spectrometry are in correlation. ELISA assay is the most favourable method for the detection and measurement of hepcidin in low concentrations in fluids, whereas mass spectrometry is a more suitable measurement method for the active form of hepcidin. Chronic anaemia, sideropenic anaemia, malignant diseases, hereditary hemochromatosis, and ineffective erythropoiesis can all disrupt hepcidin secretion. Therefore, hepcidin concentrations may have significant relevance in the diagnosis and treatment of iron imbalance. Improving the knowledge of the role of hepcidin in iron haemostasis can lead to new treatment possibilities in cases of increased or decreased iron concentrations. Hepcidin has recently been identified as an acute phase protein with antimicrobial and iron regulatory roles. Many researchers have contributed to the development of diagnostic testing to assess canine hepcidin concentrations, with research focusing on cloning and sequencing the genes that regulate canine hepcidin production. Phylogenetic studies have revealed that human hepcidin is more similar to canine than murine hepcidin. In dogs, as in humans, hepcidin is predominantly produced in the liver.
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Sažetak ; Summary.
Keywords: Hepcidin -- Jetra -- Željezo -- Spektrometrija -- ELISA