Utjecaj malčiranja na kontrolu korova i agronomska svojstva salate Effect of malching on weed control and agronomic properties of lettuce - Kovačević, Dejan; Milenković, Lidija; Lalević, Dragana; Šunić, Ljubomir; Ilić, Zoran Svetislav (2020)
Istraživanja su imala za cilj odrediti značaj utjecaja zastiranja tla različitim vrstama malča na kontrolu korova, prinos i kvalitetu dvije sorte salate (Lactuca sativa var. capitata) ‘Mafalda’ i ‘Bataille. Primjena zastiranja se odražava na povećanje temperature tla, Ispod crne polietilenske folije temperature tla je bila za 2˚С viša u usporedbi s temperaturom ispod bijelo/crne folije i agrotekstila, i za 3-5˚С u odnosu na zastiranje organskim malčem (karton, slama, piljevina, kompost) i kontrolu (ne malčirano tlo). U suzbijanju korovnih vrsta, polietilenske folije su pokazale mnogo veću učinkovitost (95,1-97,8 %) u usporedbi s organskim malčem. Najveća prisutnost korova bila je na malču sa slamom (46 biljaka/m²) u usporedbi s kontrolom (23 biljaka/m²). Pri malčiranju kompostom prinos je bio značajno do vrlo značajno veći (‘Bataille’- 4,64 kg/m² ; Mafalda’ 4,98 kg/m²) u odnosu na ostale tretmane. Malčiranje slamom kod sorte ‘Bataille’ doprinijelo je smanjenom prinosu (2,80 kg/m²). Malčiranje kompostom i crnom polietilenskom folijom utječe na značajno povećanje mase po biljci i indeks lisne površine, kao osnovnih parametara prinosa. Sorta ‘Mafalda’ je u uvjetima zastiranja pokazala veću otpornost na fiziološke poremećaje u usporedbi sa sortom ‘Bataille’.
The purpose of this study was to determine the significance of the influence of soil cover with different types of mulch on weed control, yield and quality of two varieties of lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. capitata) ‘Mafalda‘ and ‘Bataille‘. The application of mulching is reflected in the increase of soil temperature. Under the black polyethylene foil was 2˚C higher compared to white / black foil and agrotextiles, and 3-5˚C in relation to the mulch with organic mulch (cardboard, straw, sawdust, compost) and control (unmulched soil). In weed control, polyethylene films showed much higher efficiency (95.1-97.8 %) than organic mulch. The highest proportion of weeds was on straw mulch (46 plants/m²) compared to control (23 plants/m²). When mulching with compost, the yield was significantly to very significantly higher (‘Bataille’ 4.64 kg/m²; ‘Mafalda’ 4.98 kg/m²) compared to other treatments. Straw mulching in the Bataille variety contributes to a reduced yield (2.80 kg/m2). Mulching with compost and black polyethylene foil affects a significant increase in mass per plant and leaf area index, as a basic yield parameters. The ‘Mafalda’ variety showed greater resistance to physiological disorders under cover conditions compared to the ‘Bataille’ variety.
Bibliografija: str. 12-15.
Sažetak ; Summary.
Keywords: Salata -- Lactuca sativa L. -- Malčiranje -- Korovi -- Prinosi