Dogodi li se, da žena sama ne doji djeteta? Tko ga onda doji? etnografski zapisi iz Zbornika za narodni život i običaje južnih Slavena = Does it happen that a woman does not breastfeed a child by herself? Then who is breastfeeding a child? : ethnographic accounts from the Zbornik za narodni život i običaje južnih Slavena (Journal of folk life and traditions of South Slavs) - Pleše, Iva (2021)
U ovom se radu na temelju etnografskih zapisa nastalih u suglasju s Osnovom za sabiranje i proučavanje građe o narodnom životu iz 1897. nastoje dati obrisi osobite prakse vezane uz dojenje djeteta u seoskoj sredini na prijelazu iz 19. u 20. stoljeće. Riječ je o dojenju tuđeg djeteta, odnosno o prepuštanju dojenja ženi koja nije djetetova majka. Etnografskim zapisima iz Zbornika za narodni život i običaje južnih Slavena koji su, s ponekim retrospektivnim uvidima, uglavnom usmjereni na ondašnju suvremenost, pristupa se kao izvorima za etnologiju i povijest svakodnevice. Međusobno povezujući odlomke o dojenju iz različitih zborničkih zapisa, ali i one koji se na dojenje referiraju posredno, tekst među ostalim upućuje na važnost razlikovanja između kontinuiranog davanja djeteta na dojenje zbog bolesti majke ili njezinih problema s dojenjem i povremenog prepuštanja dojenja ženi koja nije djetetova majka poradi majčine privremene, kratkotrajne odsutnosti. Tekst se zanima i pitanjem (materijalne) naknade za dojenje ili njezinim izostankom te, s time povezano, odnosom između nastojanja na zaradi s jedne strane i solidarnosti s druge te eventualnom profesionalizacijom dojenja koja pitanjima iz Osnove nije obuhvaćena, a u samim zapisima je tek naznačena.
Based on a reading of the ethnographic accounts that were written in accordance with the Osnova za sabiranje i proučavanje građe o narodnom životu (Foundations for Collecting and Studying Materials about Folk Life) published in 1897, this paper attempts to outline some of the features of wet-nursing as specific breastfeeding related practices in rural areas at the turn of the 19TH to the 20TH century. Ethnographic accounts published in the Zbornik za narodni život i običaje južnih Slavena (Journal of Folk Life and Traditions of South Slavs) that are, with some retrospective insights, mainly focused on what were then contemporary practices, are approached in this paper as sources of the ethnology and the history of everyday life. Through connecting passages on breastfeeding and also passages that refer indirectly to breastfeeding, this paper underlines the importance of differentiation between the practices of regular wet-nursing (caused by a mother"s illness or her problems with breastfeeding) and occasional wet-nursing (because of a mother"s temporary, short-term absence). This paper also deals with the issue of (material) compensation for wet-nursing and, connected to this, with the relation between women"s efforts to earn an income on the one hand and women"s solidarity on the other. It also deals with the issue of the professionalization of wet-nursing that is not covered in the questions from Osnova (Foundations for Collecting and Studying Materials about Folk Life) and is only indicated in ethnographic accounts from the Zbornik (Journal of Folk Life and Traditions of South Slavs).
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Sažetak ; Summary.
Keywords: Zbornik za narodni život i običaje južnih Slavena; Dojenje tuđeg djeteta -- Dojenje -- Etnografija -- Narodni život i običaji; 19./20. st